The Role of External Pressure in the Fight Against...

The Role of External Pressure in the Fight Against Apartheid and Minority Rule in South Africa External pressure played a very important part in bringing about the end of the apartheid. The embodied rejection of White domination in South Africa, in formations of protests, strikes and demonstrations caused a decade of turbulent mass action in resistance to the imposition of still harsher forms of segregation and oppression. The Defiance Campaign of 1952 carried mass mobilisation to new heights under the banner of non-violent resistance to the pass laws. These actions were influenced in part by the philosophy of Mohandas Gandhi. A critical step in the emergence of non-racialism was the formation of†¦show more content†¦Its attempt to prosecute more than 150 anti-Apartheid leaders for treason, in a trial that began in 1956, ended in acquittals in 1961. But by that time, mass organised opposition had been banned. Matters came to a head at Sharpeville in March 1960, when 69 anti-pass demonstrators were killed when police fired on a demonstration called by the PAC. A state of emergency was imposed and detention without trial was introduced. The Black political organisations were banned and their leaders went into exile or were arrested. In this climate, the ANC and PAC abandoned their long-standing commitment to non-violent resistance and turned to armed struggle, combined with underground organisation and mobilisation as well as mobilisation of international solidarity. Top leaders, including members of the newly formed military wing ?Umkhonto we Sizwe? (Spear of the Nation), were arrested in 1963. In the ?Rivonia trial?, eight ANC leaders, including Nelson Mandela, were convicted of sabotage (instead of treason, the original charge) and sentenced to life imprisonment. In 1952 the United Nations publicly condemned apartheid. Later in 1962 the UN recommended the use of economic sanctions on South Africa, initially this put a lot of pressure on the South African government but mysteriously not long after there was worldwide condemnation, SouthShow MoreRelated The Role of Nelson Mandela and President De Klerk in Bringing about the End of Apartheid in South Africa2222 Words   |  9 Pages Apartheid, means separateness, this was a social system enforced by white minority governments in twentieth-century upon those of ethnic minorities in South Africa. Under apartheid, the black majority was segregated, and was denied political and economic rights equal to those of whites, this had become a distressing daily routine for the Africans. 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